[Par-reg] Pinchas - questions for self study
Menachem Leibtag
tsc at bezeqint.net
Sun Jul 13 07:42:14 EDT 2008
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THE TANACH STUDY CENTER [http://www.tanach.org]
In Memory of Rabbi Abraham Leibtag
Shiurim in Chumash & Navi by Menachem Leibtag
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PARSHAT PINCHAS
PART I - QUESTIONS FOR THE 'SHABBOS TABLE'
MILCHEMET MIDYAN
1. In the sin of 'bnot Mo'av' (see 25:1-9), both the
daughters of Mo'av and Midyan participate. Afterward,
in
25:16-18, God commands Bnei Yisrael to attack only the
Midyanites (and not Mo'av). In your opinion, can you
explain
why?
2. Why was Mo'av interested in causing Bnei Yisrael to
sin?
[Relate to 22:2-8.]
Why was Midyan interested in causing Bnei Yisrael
to sin?
[Note which of these two countries borders with
Israel.]
Whose sin would you consider worse?
[In your answer, relate to Devarim 2:9-10 & 2:17-19.]
[See also Rashi & Ramban on 25:18.]
3. When Bnei Yisrael finally go to war with Midyan (see
31:1-
8), they send only 1,000 soldiers from each tribe (total
12,000) and the army is led by Pinchas (the kohen).
How is this form of going to battle different from
other
battles that Bnei Yisrael have fought thus far (or that
they
will fight in the future)? Who has led Bnei Yisrael in
battle
in their previous battles?
4. Even though we don't have exact population figures
of
Mo'av at that time, we can extrapolate a rough
estimation of
how many men there were from the number of female
children
(most likely under the age of 13) who were taken captive
=
32,000 (see 31:35). [Note also that not all of Midyan
was
destroyed. This nation appears again many other times
in
Tanach - see Shoftim chapter 6.]
Based on that figure, how many adult males would
you
estimate lived in Midyan, and hence, how large (would
you
estimate) was their army?
Based on the size of Bnei Yisrael's potential
fighting
force (i.e. 600,000 men age 20 and up), does it make
sense
that they would send a force of only 12,000 men? If
not, why
do you think that this is the 'strategy' that God
commands
Moshe to follow?
5. Based on the above questions, what do you think is
significant about 'milchemet Midyan'?
Use your answer to explain the reason for the
special tax
that was levied in 31:25-54.]
[Can you relate this as well to Moshe's special
relationship with Midyan. Note Bamidbar 10:29-32.]
6. Is there any relationship between Midyan and Amalek?
Relate to Bil'am's final blessings in Bamidbar
24:20-25
& Sefer Shoftim 4:11,17-20. [See also Breishit
25:1-6.]
NUMBERS
7. As long as we are dealing with numbers [in the 'Book
of
Numbers'], what is the population drop in Shevet Shimon
between the census in Bamidbar chapter 1 and chapter 26?
Is
there any other shevet in which we find such a drastic
drop?
Can you relate this to 25:14 and 25:9?!
Does Shimon receive a blessing from Moshe Rabeinu
in
Parshat Ve-zot Ha-Bracha (Devarim chapter 33)? If so,
what is
it? If not, why not? Is there any other 'shevet' that
had
such a significant drop in population?
=============
PART II - QUESTIONS FOR PREPARATION (for weekly shiur)
SHIUR #1 - THE ORDER OF PARSHIOT IN SEFER BAMIDBAR
1. Chapter 26 describes a 'mifkad' [census] of the
twelve
tribes. To the best of your recollection, what was the
purpose of this census. In your answer, relate to:
a) your 'first impression' - when reading 26:1-4 as a
continuation of 25:16-18.
b) its juxtaposition to the opening sentence - "And
it came
to pass after the plague... (i.e. 26:1)
c) the final psukim of this census in 26:51-56!
d) what transpires in chapter 27.
Rashi on 26:1 quotes two different Midrashim that
relate to
the purpose of this census. How do these two
interpretations
relate to your answer to the above question? Which of
the
above possibilities does he relate to?
See also Chizkuni & Ibn Ezra in regard to this
topic.
2. Carefully compare the 'style' of this census (i.e.
how the
people are counted by families) to the census in the
first
chapter of Sefer Bamidbar. What is the primary
difference
between them?
As you review Bamidbar chapter one, note also what
takes
place in Bamidbar chapter 2. Is there anything similar
to
this in chapter 26?
Based on your comparison:
What was the purpose of the census in Bamidbar 1-2?
What is the purpose of the new census in Bamidbar
26?
Does your answer explain the reason for the
differences?
3. In 25:16-18, God commands Bnei Yisrael to attack
Midyan.
Where in Sefer Bamidbar do we find the actual details of
this
battle?
Can you explain why the details of that battle are
not
recorded until chapter 31?
[See Chizkuni on 25:17. How does he 'solve' this
problem?
See also Ramban on 25:17. How is his peirush
different?]
4. Carefully review the primary topics of each of the
individual parshiot that are recorded between chapters
25 and
31. It would be helpful to list them, and attempt to
group
them together by common topics.
Note how these parshiot appear to form an
'interruption'
of the narrative that otherwise would flow naturally
from 26:1
to chapter 31. Can you explain the reason for this
structure?
5. In your opinion, where in Chumash does 27:12-23
belong?
Can you explain why this narrative is recorded at this
point
in Sefer Bamidbar?
Compare 27:12-13 to 31:1-2. What can we assume
from this
in regard to the chronological order of these events?
6. What was your conclusion in regard to the primary
topic of
chapters 28-29? In your opinion, does this unit belong
in
Sefer Bamidbar? If not, where does it belong (and why)?
7. Continue your review (or 'scan') of Sefer Bamidbar
until
its conclusion in chapter 36. As before, make a listing
of
all the primary topics of each parshia (or set of
parshiot);
this time listing from chapter 25 until the end.
Study this list, and attempt to 're-organize' these
parshiot (i.e. from chapter 25 until chapter 36) in a
more
'logical' order.
Would you consider chapters 26-27 as one unit? If
so,
why?
In your opinion, where does this unit belong?
Can you explain why the Torah places it after
chapter 25?
Read Rashi on 26:1 once again?
Explain the two answers that Rashi suggests based
on the
above analysis. See also Chizkuni.
8. Based on your answers to the above, what can we
learn from
the 'parshia break' that we find in the middle of 26:1?
9. Review Devarim 4:3-4, noting its specific context
within
the opening topic of chapter 4. [Btw, do these psukim
sound
familiar? How did you understand them up until now?]
Can you relate Devarim 4:3-4 to the events of
Bamidbar
chapter 25? Can you explain why Moshe mentions
specifically
'ba'al pe'or' in this rebuke?
After that event, do we find any other instance
when Bnei
Yisrael sin in the desert (or when they are punished)?
Attempt to this relate to the overall theme of
Sefer
Bamidbar (and the above questions)?
=====
SHIUR #2 - PARSHAT TMIDIM U-MUSSAFIM -
[ITS INTERNAL STRUCTURE]
1. Chapters 28-29 form a unit. Explain why (both
textually
and thematically), and give a title to this unit based
on its
content.
Would the heading: 'The Jewish Holidays' - be a
precise
title for this unit? Explain why yes, and why not.
Does your title of this unit explain the reason for
the
repetition of the phrase 'milvad olat ha-tamid...' in
each
holiday? [If it doesn't, it should.]
What does the word 'mussaf' mean? Did you include
it in
your title?
When we daven 'tfillat mussaf', do we ever quote
the
psukim from Parshat Pinchas? If so, when, where, and
why?
When we read the Torah on Yom Tov, do we ever read
from
Parshat Pinchas? If so, for which aliya?
Can you explain why?
2. How does this unit relate to Vayikra chapter 23?
Is it simply a repeat? If not, what it the
difference?
Be sure that you relate to the phrase 've-hikravtem
isheh
la-Hashem' that is repeated so often in chapter 23.
Relate as
well to Vayikra 23:37-38 - See Rashi on that pasuk!
[See also TSC shiur on Parshat Emor re: the
"moadim".]
3. Based on Bamidbar chapters 28-29, compose a table
that
lists (and compares) the specific animals (and their
numbers)
that are offered on each holiday. Can you identify any
type
of a 'pattern'?
If so, based on that pattern, attempt to group the
holidays together based on their similar 'korbanot'.
Can you
find a reason for the groupings that emerge?
According to these groupings, should Shmini Atzeret
be
considered one of the 'shalosh regalim' or one of the
'Days of
Judgement'?
4. In your opinion, should the special Mussaf offering
of
Rosh Chodesh be offered on Rosh Hashana as well, or does
the
special Mussaf offering of Rosh Hashana 'override' it?
Now, look at the parsha carefully, and see if you
arrived
at the same conclusion that Chumash does (i.e make sure
that
you study 29:6 in its context)!
========
PART III - PARSHANUT
1. Review the opening four psukim of Parshat Pinchas
(i.e.
25:10-13). In your opinion, does 25:13 'explain' 25:12,
or
does God grant Pinchas an 'additional' reward in 25:13?
Can you explain the difference between the award of
'brit
shalom' in 25:12 to the award of 'brit kehunat olam' in
25:13?
In your opinion, are these two britot identical or
are
they different?
If they are different, what does brit shalom imply?
After you have thought about this, see:
* Rashi 25:12-13 - How does Rashi answer the above
question?
* Ramban 25:11-13. This Ramban is very difficult,
how does
he explain the difference between the two britot?
* Ibn Ezra 25:12-13 - How does Ibn Ezra answer the
above...?
[See also Chizkuni - is this the same as Ibn
Ezra?
Why does he add the law about birkat
kohanim?
* Sforno 25:12 / Clearly, he understands brit shalom
in a
very different manner. Can you explain why? What does
he
base his interpretation on?
Then, see once again the Ibn Ezra on 25:13. How and
why
does he argue with Sforno's approach?
2. Note the word 'shalom' in birkat kohanim (Bamidbar
6:26).
If I am not mistaken, these are the only two
instances in
Sefer Bamidbar where we find the word shalom. [E-mail
me if
you find another].
Could this parallel help us understand the
connection
between brit shalom and brit kehunat olam? Would this
imply
that brit shalom is the same as brit kehuna?
3. In Sefer Breishit we discussed two approaches to the
concept of brit - a) a one sided covenant, basically a
Divine
promise;
b) a two sided covenant, which binds both
sides.
[See Ramban Breishit 6:18 for complete discussion.]
In your opinion, what of these two types would you
consider
God's covenant with Pinchas?
Based on his commentary on Breishit 6:18, attempt
to
better understand Ramban's commentary on Bamidbar 25:13.
[Using the Ramban's own words, 've-hamaskil
yavin'!]
How does the zealous nature of the act of Pinchas
relate
to the biblical concept of kehuna? [Relate to Shmot
19:4-6.]
4. In relation to question #1 in 'shabbos table
questions' -
be sure to see Rashi & Ramban on 25:18 concerning why
only
Midyan is attacked [and not Mo'av].
Does Ramban argue with Rashi, or does his
interpretation
'add' to Rashi's explanation? Explain!
Now see Chizkuni on 25:18. What does his peirush
add?
Which problem in 'pshat' does Chizkuni's peirush
answer?
5. In regard to the 'strange' progression of parshiot
in
Parshat Pinchas (as discussed in Part II above) - Note
how the
following parshanim relate to these problems of 'smichut
parshiot'!
Rashi on 27:12. See also Ibn Ezra.
Relate to Rashi's two 'meshalim' in his
peirush to
26:1!
See also Chizkuni on 27:12. Can you explain his
peirush?
Finally see Ramban on 27:12. How is his peirush
here
affected by his opinion of 'yeish mukdam u-me'uchar'?!
6. In regard to why Parshat Tmidim u-Mussafim is
recorded
here:
See Rashi, Ibn Ezra, and Ramban on 28:2.
Explain how (and why) each commentary is
different.
be-hatzlacha,
menachem
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